Uvavanyo lwentsebenzo ye-tensile yerabha evuzayo ibandakanya ezi zinto zilandelayo

Iimpawu zokuqina kwerabha

Uvavanyo lweepropathi ezithambileyo zerabha evulziweyo
Nayiphi na imveliso yerabha isetyenziswe phantsi kweemeko ezithile zamandla angaphandle, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba irabha ibe neempawu ezithile zomzimba kunye noomatshini, kwaye eyona nto ibonakalayo kukusebenza kwe-tensile.Xa uqhuba uphononongo lomgangatho wemveliso egqityiweyo, ukuyila ifomula yezinto zerabha, ukumisela iimeko zenkqubo, kunye nokuthelekisa ukuxhathisa ukuguga kwerabha kunye nokuxhathisa okuphakathi, kuyafuneka ngokubanzi ukuvavanya ukusebenza kokuqina.Ke ngoko, ukusebenza kwe-tensile yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zesiqhelo zerabha.

Ukusebenza kwe-tensile kubandakanya ezi zinto zilandelayo:

1. Uxinzelelo lwengqondo (S)
Uxinzelelo olwenziwa ngumzekelo ngexesha lokwelula ngumlinganiselo wamandla asetyenzisiweyo kwindawo yokuqala ye-cross-sectional area.

2. Uxinzelelo loxinzelelo kwi-elongation enikiweyo (Se)
Uxinzelelo lwe-tensile apho indawo esebenzayo yomfanekiso woluliwe ukuya kubude obunikiweyo.Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-tensile lubandakanya i-100%, i-200%, i-300%, kunye ne-500%.

3. Amandla okuqina (TS)
Olona xinzelelo luphezulu loxinzelelo apho i-specimen yoluliwe ukuze iphuke.Okwakubizwa ngaphambili njengamandla okuqina kunye nokomelela.

4. Ipesenti yobude (E)
I-deformation yecandelo elisebenzayo elibangelwa yi-tensile specimen ngumlinganiselo wokunyuka kobude ukuya kwipesenti yobude bokuqala.

5. Ubude kuxinzelelo olunikiweyo (Umzekelo)
Ukwandiswa komzekelo phantsi koxinzelelo olunikiweyo.

6. Ukolulwa ngexesha lekhefu (Eb)
Ubude besampulu ngexesha lekhefu.

7. Ukuqhawula ukuguqulwa okusisigxina
Yandisa i-specimen de i-fractures, kwaye uyibeke kwi-deformation eseleyo emva kwexesha elithile (imizuzu emi-3) yokubuyisela kwimeko yayo yamahhala.Ixabiso ngumlinganiselo wokwandisa okwenyukayo kwenxalenye yokusebenza ukuya kubude bokuqala.

8. Amandla okuqina ngexesha lekhefu (TSb)
Uxinzelelo lwe-tensile lwesampulu eqinile xa kwaphuka.Ukuba i-specimen iyaqhubeka ikhula emva kwenqaku lesivuno kwaye ihamba kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo, amaxabiso e-TS kunye ne-TSb ahluke, kwaye ixabiso le-TSb lincinci kune-TS.

9. Uxinzelelo loxinzelelo kwisivuno (Sy)
Uxinzelelo oluhambelana nenqaku lokuqala kwi-curve-strain curve apho uxinzelelo luyanda ngakumbi kodwa uxinzelelo alunyuki.

10. Ukwandiswa kwisivuno (Ey)

Uxinzelelo (i-elongation) ehambelana nenqaku lokuqala kwi-curve-strain curve apho uxinzelelo luyanda ngakumbi kodwa uxinzelelo alunyuki.

11. I-rubber compression deformation esisigxina

Ezinye iimveliso zerabha (ezifana neemveliso zokutywinwa) zisetyenziswe kwisimo esixinzelelweyo, kwaye ukuxhathisa ukunyanzeliswa kwazo ngenye yezinto eziphambili ezichaphazela umgangatho wemveliso.Ukumelana nokunyanzeliswa kwerabha ngokuqhelekileyo kulinganiswa ngokunyanzeliswa kwe-deformation esisigxina.Xa irabha ikwimeko ecinezelekileyo, ngokuqinisekileyo iba notshintsho emzimbeni nakwimichiza.Xa amandla oxinzelelo enyamalala, olu tshintsho luthintela irabha ukuba ibuyele kwimeko yayo yangaphambili, okubangela ukuguqulwa koxinzelelo olusisigxina.Ubungakanani bokunyanzeliswa kokuguqulwa kwesigxina kuxhomekeke kwiqondo lokushisa kunye nexesha lesimo soxinzelelo, kunye nobushushu kunye nexesha apho ukuphakama kubuyiselwe.Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, utshintsho lweekhemikhali luyimbangela ephambili yokunyanzeliswa kwe-deformation esisigxina yerubha.Ukunyanzeliswa kwe-deformation esisigxina kulinganiswa emva kokususa amandla oxinzelelo afakwe kwi-specimen kunye nokubuyisela ukuphakama kwiqondo lokushisa eliqhelekileyo.Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, utshintsho olubangelwa ukuqina kweglasi kunye ne-crystallization yizona zinto eziphambili kuvavanyo.Xa izinga lokushisa liphakama, ezi ziphumo ziyanyamalala, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukulinganisa ubude bomzekelo kwiqondo lokushisa lokuvavanya.

Okwangoku kukho imigangatho emibini yelizwe yokulinganisa ukunyanzeliswa kwerabha ngokusisigxina eTshayina, oko kukuthi, ukumiselwa koxinzelelo olusisigxina kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, ubushushu obuphezulu, kunye nobushushu obuphantsi berabha evulziweyo kunye nerabha ye-thermoplastic (GB/T7759) kunye nendlela yokuzimisela Ukunyanzeliswa rhoqo kwe-deformation deformation esisigxina yerabha evuzayo (GB/T1683)